A Dubi Cibiyar Ciniki na Kasashen Yankuna Uku na Basque
Gabatarwar
Basque Country - ko el Pais Vasco a cikin Mutanen Espanya - yana ɗaya daga cikin Comunidades Autónomas na Spain, ko kuma "al'ummomi masu zaman kansu". Akwai shi a arewacin Spaniya, kusa da Faransa da Cantabric. A kudu masallacin yankin La Rioja, zuwa Cantabria na yamma da Castilla y Leon, da Gabar ta gabas. Wannan yankin mafi yawan dutse ya hada da Mountains Basque, Cantabrian Mountains da Pyrenees Mountains.
Mutanen Basque sune al'adun gargajiya ne, kafin zamanin Daular Roman kuma duk da haka masana tarihi suna da tambayoyi da yawa game da asalin su, da harshen su Euskera . Game da Jagorar Gida ga Geography ya ba da kyakkyawar labaran yankin da kuma tsoffin 'yan kabilun Turai a cikin labarin, Basque Country, A Geographic da Anthropologic Enigma.
Tarihin Cibiyar Abincin
Sabanin halin da ake ciki yanzu na duniya wanda abinci Basque ke cin abinci a yau, baƙi zuwa ƙasashen Basque a tsakiyar zamanai sun zana hoto daban-daban. Mutane sun kasance matalauta. Abinci da alkama ba su da iyaka, saboda haka suka ci hatsi, wake, wake da 'ya'yan itace. Kodayake Basques sun yi fice a bakin tekun, ba har sai da Norse ya zo a karni na XI, da kuma ka'idodin tsarin kiristanci, da cewa ƙarin kifi ya fara cinyewa, kuma masana'antar kifi sun karu.
Tare da binciken Amurka, yawancin Basques sun yi tafiya zuwa sabuwar duniya, suna tsere wa rayuwa mai wuya kuma suna cin abinci tare da su.
Tare da musanyaccen abincin da aka yi, masara, barkono, wake, tumatir da dankali sun haɗa su cikin abinci Basque. A cikin karni na XIX, juyin juya halin masana'antu ya taimaka wajen farfado da rayuwa a yankin Basque. Sabuwar Basque bourgeoisie mai ba da kyauta a Faransa sun haɗu da Faransanci, kuma hakan ya sa karin Faransanci ya shiga abincin su.
A lokacin mulkin Franco, abinci Basque ya zama abinda wasu suka kira "stale". Duk da haka, bayan mutuwar Francisco Franco a shekarar 1975, an haifi sabon motsa jiki - Nueva Cocina Vasca (New Basque Cuisine). Yin amfani da sinadaran gargajiya, chefs ya samar da sabbin abubuwa masu mahimmanci. A cikin shekaru 25 da suka wuce, masu fararen Mutanen Espanya sun fara kirkiro wani kayan abinci na Mutanen Espanya, da gwaji da sababbin hanyoyin, da kuma kalmar "kwayoyin gastronomy" aka haifa. A yau dai Basque Country da '' '' chefs suna ci gaba da jin daɗin jin dadi na duniya don cin abinci.
Txokos, Gastronomic Societies
Txokos ne irin namiji gastronomic al'umma a cikin Basque Country. A cewar Harald Kocker a littafin Culinaria Spain, an kafa txoko a 1843 a San Sebastian. Wadannan kungiyoyi sukan hadu a kai a kai don shirya abinci tare, suna ci, sha, shakatawa da zamantakewa. Sun kasance suna da wurin kansu tare da ɗayan abinci, bar da ɗakin cin abinci. Kodayake wadannan al'ummomi sun kasance kawai ga maza, kuma ba a gayyaci mata kawai a lokacin wasu bukukuwan, an yarda da mata cikin yawanci, amma ba dukan al'ummomi ba.
- Hotunan Yanar Gizo na Txokos da Gastronomomin Ƙungiyoyin (a Mutanen Espanya kawai)
Kayan daji na lardin Basque guda uku
Gundumomi uku na ƙasar Basque - Álava, Guipúzcoa da Vizcaya suna da nau'o'in cuis.
Wannan shi ne wani ɓangare saboda ilimin ƙasa na ƙasar Basque, inda akwai bambancin bambanci tsakanin yankunan bakin teku da dutse.
Álava shi ne lardin Basque da ke kudu maso kudu kuma yana da yanayin sanyi. Dutsen tsaunuka, manyan kwaruruka da koguna suna gudana ta hanyar Álava, amma ba shi da bakin teku. Saboda yana da "kulle kasa", mutane suna cin naman naman sa, naman alade da kuma wasa, irin su partridge da quail. Suna kuma jin dadin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa (nau'in naman kaza), katantanwa da wasu fuka-fukai. Dankali, wake da namomin kaza daga yankin an san su da kyau.
Wasu fannoni na Álava suna da kayan zane-zane, patatas viudas dankali tsoma cikin gari da soyayyen, to, kuyi aiki a miya; Llodio baƙar fata, mai yalwaci mai sauƙi wanda aka yi da kayan lambu da ƙananan shinkafa, Goxua , gishiri mai gishiri da gurasa da cakula da caramel sauce.
Álava wani yanki ne mai sarrafa ruwan inabi. da Rioja Alavesa wani yanki ne na yankin ruwan inabi na Rioja, kuma yana da kimanin kashi 21 cikin 100 na yankin Rioja wanda ya cancanta.
Vizcaya ("Bizcaia" a Basque) yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi kuma fiye da kilomita 80 daga bakin teku a kan Tekun Cantabric. An kira shi "Babban Birnin Bacalao" ko gishiri, wanda shine al'ada da yawa kuma Vizcayans suna da daruruwan girke-girke na bacalao . Yawan nau'o'in kifi da kifaye daga Kogin Cantabric, irin su squid baby, sardines, anchovies, hake (merluza), bamago na ruwa (besugo) da kuma alamu suna jin dadi, da nama kamar naman alade da naman alade. Wasu daga cikin jita-jita masu yawa daga Vizcaya sune:
- Cod a la Vizcaina - Bacalao a la Vizcaína
- Cod in Pil-Pil Sauce - Bacalao al pil pil
- Kalmomi a Green Sauce - Almejas en Salsa Verde
- Baby Squid a cikin 'Ink - Chipirones en su Tinta
- Hake a Green Sauce - Merluza en Salsa Verde
- Fresh Tuna Stew - Marmitako
- Naman alade tare da Idiazabal Cheese Sauce - Solomillo de cerdo da salsa de queso Idiazábal
- Cikakken Gishiri na Bilbao- Canutillos de Bilbao
Guipúzcoa shine arewacin mafi yawancin lardin Basque Country, kusa da kusan kilomita 90 daga bakin teku a kan tekun Atlantic, dake kusa da Faransa. Yana da ƙananan ƙananan lardin kuma ya bambanta - tsaunuka da bakin teku, manyan garuruwa da ƙauyuka, masana'antu da noma. Tsarin yanayi mai sauƙi ne, tare da lokacin bazara, da damun ruwa. Gurasar Guipúzcoa ta zama sanannun kasa da kasa, haka ma ma'abuta shugabanni, kamar masu sababbin manufa Juan Mari Arzak, Martín Berasategui da Pedro Subijana duk daga San Sebastián.
San Sebastián (Donostia a Basque) babban birni ne, kuma an san shi da yawan adadin tapas na tapas . Bugu da ƙari da samun fiye da 100 barsuna tapas a cikin gari, San Sebastián yana da cibiyoyin cin abinci tare da taurari Michelin a kowace kilomita kilomita fiye da kowane gari, sai dai Paris.
Wasu daga cikin fannoni na Guipúzcoa sune: eels, babba da wake da wake da kuma albasarta na marmari, Txangurro a la Donostiarra - cizon gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da Atun eguna - salmon daga kogin Bidasoa.