Asali, Dabbobi, da Abinci
Inda Masara ta fito
Mai maso, ko-kamar yadda aka kira shi a cikin harshen Turanci na Arewacin Amirka, masara - shi ne mummunan ciyawa mai ciyawa wanda ba ya girma a cikin daji. Dole ne a kula da shi kuma a kula da shi don tsira.
Akwai mai yawa muhawara akan abin da masarar ciyawa ta samo asali ne daga wanda ya halicci matasan, amma an gano masarar masara a cikin kullun archaeological kimanin 5000 BC. A hakika an horar da shi a abin da ke yanzu Mexico a kusan shekaru 10,000. 'Yan asalin ƙasar sun yi la'akari da masara a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ake kira "' yan'uwa uku."
Koyi game da domestication na masara
Nau'in Masara
Nau'in masara uku na uku sune:
- Ana kiran masara mai dadi saboda yana da karin sukari da ƙasa da sitaci fiye da sauran masara. An kusan cin abinci sabo ne, ko dai a kan kogi ko kashewa, ko kiyaye shi ta hanyar canning ko daskarewa.
- Ana maimaita masara ne kamar masarar shuka ; zai iya zama rawaya ko fari. Masarar dina na fari yana da yawan adadin sitaci fiye da launuka iri-iri, kuma shine mafi kyau masara don yin masa kullu da hominy. An kuma amfani dashi sosai a matsayin abinci na dabbobi da kuma a cikin kayan sarrafawa, robobi, da kuma habaka.
- Kwayar furen , wanda aka fi sani da blue ko masara mai ja ko masarar Indiya , ana horar da shi a tsakiya da ta Kudu Amurka. Yana da wuyar waje kuma ana amfani dashi don amfani da mutum da abinci. An yi amfani da Popcorn a wasu lokuta a matsayin wani samfurin masarar flint.
Sauran nau'in masara sun wanzu, ciki har da masara mai gari ( masarar farin da ke da taushi sosai kuma ana amfani dashi don yin masara na gari don abincin gasa), da kuma kwandon masara , wanda shine nau'in ornamental.
Abinci daga Maize
Hominy ( Pozole ) da Masa
Masara da aka fi amfani dashi a cikin abinci na Mexica shine masarar doki wanda ya biyo bayan tsari: ana cire kernels daga cob kuma sun bushe. Ana kwashe kwayoyin da aka bushe a cikin ruwa wanda ya ƙunshi cal , ko kuma lemun tsami. Ana amfani da kernels a cikin ruwa don awa 1 zuwa 24, dangane da amfani da shi.
Wannan dafa shi da aka yi da masara an kira shi ne. Kernels suna wanke sosai kuma rubbed tare don cire konkoma karãtunsa fãtun.
Don ƙwaƙwalwa , ƙananan matakai na launin ruwan kasa, ko "hulls," an cire su; Wannan ya ba masara damar fadada sosai lokacin dafa shi.
Sakamakon ƙasa ya zama masa , ƙoshin masara da za a sanya shi cikin tortillas , boys, da sauran abubuwa masu dadi.
Masa Harina
Ana yin masara ko kullu gari ta hanyar yin kwaskwarima da cire ƙullun daga masara. Kernels suna cikin ƙasa da shi, wanda aka tozarta shi. Kayan da aka zaɓa ya sake dawowa cikin gari mai kyau wadda za a iya kunshe da kuma sa idon kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.
Masa harina kawai ya kamata a haxa shi da ruwa ko wani ruwa don sake komawa cikin kullu wanda zai sa tortillas, boys , da dai sauransu.
Masarar Masara
Masarar masara ita ce kasa mai tsabta foda da aka yi daga nada sashi na masara mai masara. An fi amfani dashi mafi yawa a cikin kayan da aka yi da gauraye kuma a matsayin mai tsabta don wasu miya da miya. Sunan dacewa ga masarar masara a cikin Mutanen Espanya shi ne fécula de maíz , amma an haɗa shi a matsayin mai suna Royal , bayan sunaye mai suna wannan samfurin.
Lura: An kira sitaci masara a masarautar Ingila.
Cornmeal
Masara mai dadi da aka bushe kuma ƙasa zuwa gari mai laushi shine sanannun masara. Idan an cire maɓoɓuka (konkoma karãtunsa fãtun) da ƙwayoyin cuta (launin ruwan kasa), abincin zai kasance da rai mai tsawo; idan ƙullun da ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance a cikin abincin, ya fi gina jiki, amma ba sa daɗewa. An yi amfani da makami a matsayin hatsi mai zafi ko aka sanya shi a cikin "grits" ta hanyar ƙara ruwan zãfi don yin mush. Ana amfani dashi don yin cornbread. Ƙara koyo game da kullun, grits, da polenta.
Masarar Masara
An yi gari gari masara ta hanyar nada masarar bushe a cikin gari mai kyau. An yi amfani da shi a yawancin hanyoyi guda daya ana amfani da gari alkama. (A {asar Ingila, ana amfani da kalmar masarar gari don nuna abin da ake kira sitaci masara a Arewacin Amirka.)
Lura: Mahimmancin gari da masarar gari suna da wuya a yi amfani dashi a cikin abincin Mexico.
Karin bayani:
Anatomy na Masara
Yadda za a Shuka Masara a Gidanka
Kayan Kayan Kaya, Labarun, da Labari
Centeotl, Aztec Deity of Maize
Itzamna, Mahaliccin Allah Mai Masara a Mayan Mythology
Edited by Robin Grose